Efecto de la desflora en campo y del lavado del racimo sobre la presencia de Fusarium spp. y Colletotrichum spp. y la cantidad de otros hongos relacionados con enfermedades poscosecha del banano
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Abstract
The effect of field deflowering and bunch washing in the packing house on the presence of Fusarium spp. and Colletotrichum spp., as well on the frequency of other fungi related with postharvest diseases of banana were evaluated in a commercial farm located in the Caribbean of Costa Rica. Four experiments that combined deflowering in the field (with and without) and bunch washing (one and two times) on the most important fungi associated with crown rot were conducted. In the experiments 1 and 2 the treatments were: 1) without deflowering and one time washing;
2) without deflowering and two times washes and 3) with deflowers and one time washing and in the experiments 3 and 4 one more treatment was included that consisted with deflowering and two times washes. There was no effect of deflowering on the percentage of bunches with presence of Fusarium spp. (p < 0,0688) and Colletotrichum spp. (p > 0,1034). The number of CFU/mL of those unidentified fungus called ‘Other’ decrease in bunches deflowering at(p < 0,0197) field. In bunches without deflowering (experiments 1 and 2) washing reduced presence of Fusarium spp., Colletotrichum spp. and the number of CFU/ml of Others, but only in the last two was significant (p < 0,0013). Independently of the practice, this also occurred in experiments 3 and 4, where only the last two be reached significant (p < 0,0014). The results indicate that the field deflowering of bunches did not eliminate the presence of Fusarium spp. and Colletotrichum spp., but reduce in 10 % the quantity of other fungi that could be related with postharvest diseases of banana. The washing, previous to the process, diminish significantly the charge of fungi carried by the bunch from the field.
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References
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