Aislamiento, caracterizacion morfologica y fisiologica del hongo entomopatogeno paecilomyces fumosoroseus (wize) broum & smith
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Abstract
Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown & Smith is entomogenous Deuteromycetes fungus used for the control of pests attacking crops of great economic importance. Among them we can find Bemisia tabaci (whitefly), Lyriomisa trifolli Burges, the termites and the Thrips palmi Karni, the latter being detected in our country in 1996, in potato, bean, squash and cucumber, among others. Because Paecilomyces fumosoroseus has a big potential for the biological control, isolations were carried out in several areas, and different studies were developed about them, such as morphological and physiological studies. The isolates Pz-5 and LBPf-4 were characterized, the first one obtained from the National Zoo Park, an area where applications of entomogenous fungi had never been carried out, and the second isolate was obtained from Bemisia tabaci, in a potato field in the municipality of Güines. The best concentration values were achieved on the culture media Czapek–Dox and Sabouraud’s Maltose Agar (SMA) and the best development of the mycelial growth was obtained in the SMA medium. The range of favorable temperature for the growth and the germination of both isolates was from 25oC to 28oC, with an optimal value of 25oC. The best results were obtained when the cultures were under total darkness. The best pH of growth was 6.5. We evaluated four enzymes, the best activities were found for protease and quitinase. Both isolates used the nitrogen in both inorganic and organic forms. The growth was greater in the treatments where both glucose and lactose were used and the conidial concentracion was better when it was used starch and sugar cane molasses.
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