Fluctuación poblacional de Clastoptera laenata (Hemiptera: Clastopteridae) en el cultivo del cacao en Tabasco, México
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Abstract
Clastoptera laenata Fowler is a pest that affects the flowering of cocoa crops (Theobroma cacao L.) in Tabasco, Mexico. The aim of this work was to determinate the population fluctuation of nymphs and adults and its level of correlation with the fluctuation of temperature, precipitation and flowering during 12 months, in a cocoa plantation of Huimanguillo, Tabasco (17°80’53.6” N, 93°40’ 37.1” W). Samples were collected weekly since September 2011 to August 2012. Nymphs were manually collected in the flowers and adults were captured with adhesive yellow traps. The information of temperature and precipitation was obtained from a meteorological station located 5 km away the plantation. Population fluctuation of adults and nymphs showed changes in the studied period and their population started increased at the rain season, in June, when flowering was already a lot, reaching the most high population density in August. Pearson correlation coefficient of C. laenata population fluctuation with respect to precipitation, flowering and temperature was respectively high (r = 0.74), very low (r = 0.10) and very low (r = 0.02) for adults, and low (r = 0.36), moderate (r = 0.60) and low (r = 0.35) for nymphs. The differences found are discussed and is deducted that changes in precipitation and flowering levels significantly influence the population fluctuation of this pest.
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