Antagonistic activity of Cuban isolates of Trichoderma spp. against Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M. A. Curt.) C. T. Wei.
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Abstract
Corynespora cassiicola is responsible for foliar diseases, such as the target spot or Corynespora leaf spot. In Cuba, causes high level of infections on crops such as bean, cucumber and tomato. Disease management has been addressed with chemical fungicides; however, in the search for control alternatives the potentials of the genus Trichoderma are recognized. The in vitro antagonism of 20 Cuban isolates of Trichoderma spp. for the biocontrol of C. cassiicola was assessed. Dual Culture method was used and the mechanisms of action evaluated were competition for nutrients, antibiosis and mycoparasitism. The Class Scale described by Bell et al. (1982) was used. The 95 % of the isolates showed high in vitro antagonistic capacity against C. cassiicola, nine with radial growth inhibition percentage values at 72 hours over 50 %. Standing out T.904, T.910 and T.918 with inhibition higher than 80 %. Antibiosis was observed, at 24 hours, in the T.910, T.912 and T.918 isolates with values higher than 50 %; the last one limited in 100 % the growth of the phytopathogen. Isolates T.909, T.910, T.912, T.918 y T.949 showed at least three types of hyphal interactions. According to the presence of multiple mechanisms, T.910, T.912 y T.918 were the most promising to control C. cassiicola, although, in vivo evaluation is required. The selection of Trichoderma isolates with good control levels of C. cassiicola is an option for the management of this pathogen.
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